Overall effect of modifiable risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and mortality
World Cardiovascular Risk Consortium
More than half of cardiovascular diseases in men and women are attributable to the Big 5 modifiable risk factors
Background
Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to assess the regional and sex-specific prevalence of risk factors and their effect on these outcomes are lacking.
Methods
We pooled and harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic regions participating in the Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium. We examined associations between risk factors (body mass index, systolic blood pressure, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, current smoking, and diabetes) and the incidence of cardiovascular disease and all-cause death using Cox regression analyses. stratified according to geographic region, age and sex. Population attributable fractions were estimated for 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence and 10-year all-cause mortality.
Results
Among 1,518,028 participants (54.1% of whom were women) with a mean age of 54.4 years, regional variations in the prevalence of the five modifiable risk factors were observed.
Incident cardiovascular disease occurred in 80,596 participants during a median follow-up of 7.3 years (maximum, 47.3), and 177,369 participants died during a median follow-up of 8.7 years (maximum, 47.6).
For the five risk factors combined, the aggregate world population-attributable fraction of 10-year cardiovascular disease incidence was 57.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.4 to 62.1). among women and 52.6% (95% CI, 49.0 to 56.1) among men, and the corresponding values for 10-year all-cause mortality were 22.2% (95% CI, 49.0 to 56.1) among men. 95%, 16.8 to 27.5) and 19.1% (95% CI, 14.6 to 23.6).
Conclusions Individual-level harmonized data from a global cohort showed that 57.2% and 52.6% of incident cardiovascular disease cases among women and men, respectively, and 22.2% and 19.1% of Deaths from any cause among women and men, respectively, can be attributable to five modifiable risk factors . |
Reference : Global Effect of Modifiable Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality . The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium. NEJM DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2206916
(Funded by the German Cardiovascular Research Center (DZHK); ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05466825. opens in new tab.)
